Educational system of the United States
The educational system of the United States is decentralized, most decisions on programs and funding are taken by local authorities: the school boards . Educational programs (“Curricula”) are generally prepared by each State of the United States. The federal government , through the Department of Education United States (equivalent of the Ministry of National Education in France), is mainly involved in education funding. Private schools develop their programs freely and in the public system, only 22 states draw up a list of recommended textbooks. In most States, freedom of choice is total. The legislatures of each state establish a common minimum set of knowledge in programs.
Classes are taught in English in all 50 states, in the Spanish territory of Puerto Rico . There is no constitutionally official language in the United States, but 29 of the 50 states have adopted English as sole official language (Spanish is a second official language in the territory of Puerto Rico , the Hawaiian in State of Hawaii and Chamorro in the territory of Guam ); French is a language “with facilities” in several parishes of Louisiana . Each “School District” or school district has the choice of language of instruction, but English is the choice in all 50 states, including Hawaii and Louisiana. Puerto Ricans have chosen Spanish.
90% of U.S. students are educated in the public.
The United States, where only 4% of the global population aged 5 to 25 years represent 28% of the budget total world of education. This country spends almost as much as all the governments of the six regions of the world following the Arab States, Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean , South Asia and West and Sub-Saharan Africa 1 .
The University of Virginia, founded by Thomas Jefferson .
Although King Frederick II of Prussia in 1763 had decreed compulsory education for all children until the age of thirteen, an even rejected by many European countries nearly a century later, some believe that “The United States was the first country to establish a system of free public education and open to all 2 “. The first reforms were carried out at the end of the xviii th century under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson : to establish a republic, Jefferson believed in the virtues of reason and education. He wanted to achieve universal primary education in Virginia : in the late 1770s , he wanted to open primary schools free to all children, boys and girls. He imagined a free secondary education for the poor. But these proposals were not adopted because of their cost was too high for the state. In 1819 , Jefferson drew up the plans and organization of the University of Virginia and became its rector : new for that time, he ordered that the university does not teach theology . From 1832 , the State of New York introduces elementary school free and compulsory 3 .
In the middle of the xix th century , reforms are undertaken in Massachusetts by Horace Mann : this character, who was on the board of education of Massachusetts dreamed of imposing the educational system Prussian . He campaigned in particular for a lengthening of compulsory education and better pay for teachers.
Between 1890 and 1920 carried out several reforms are described as ” progressive . ” The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) was crucial: it is even at this time that the pedagogy is renewed through the work of philosopher John Dewey , whose influence is still noticeable today 4 . The latter emphasizes the centrality of school in the formation of a democratic society.
From the 1950s, the American educational system undergoes significant changes: through the efforts of the black lawyer Thurgood Marshall and the NAACP , the segregated school is declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1954 (Case Brown v. . Board of Education ). The busing (transporting students in the famous yellow school buses) was to the social mix and racial children by bringing black neighborhoods to schools in white neighborhoods. However, in the southern states, desegregation became violent. In 1957, several black students must be escorted to go to class in high school in Little Rock .
In the 1960s, university campuses, the most contentious is that of Berkeley , protesting against the commitment of the United States in the war in Viet Nam . Students also require profound social changes. The policy of affirmative action ( positive discrimination in French), launched by Lyndon Johnson to allow easier integration of blacks to American universities. Ethnic diversity becomes a selection criterion at the entrance of faculties 5 .
The 1970s represent an era of reform the American education system: first, Congress imposes the mix in all public institutions in 1972. Two years later, the Bilingual Education Act requires schools to provide bilingual education for children who do not speak English 6 .
Timeline
List of foundations
Princeton University
1636 : Harvard College
1693 : College of William and Mary ( Virginia )
1701 – one thousand seven hundred and seven : Yale
1746 : College of New Jersey , ancestor of the Princeton University ( 1896 )
1754 : King’s College, New York , the forerunner of Columbia University
1755 : School of Philadelphia
1764 : Brown , founded the College of Rhode Island
1766 : Queen’s College, New Jersey
Main Features
Classes
Pre-School , Nursery School or Head Start : 3 to 5 years
Elementary School or Grade School (elementary school, elementary school)
Kindergarten (K): 5-6
1st Grade : 6-7
2nd Grade : 7-8
3rd Grade : 8-9
4th Grade : 9-10
5th Grade : 10-11
Middle School or Junior High School
6th Grade : 11-12 (sometimes this class is provided by elementary schools)
7th Grade : 12-13
8th Grade : 13-14
High school
9th Grade (called Freshman year ): 14-15 (sometimes this class is provided by middle schools )
10th Grade (called Sophomore year ): 15-16
11th Grade (called Junior year ): 16-17
12th Grade (called Senior year ): 17-18
College 7 or University
Undergraduate
College or University
4-year cycle leading to a Bachelor of Arts (BA), a Bachelor of Science (BS) or other degrees as a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) for example.
Community college
Lower division , 2-year cycle leading to a diploma of Associate of Arts (AA).
Upper division , 2-year cycle leading to a BA, BS or diplomas as a Bachelor of Technology (BT) for example.
Postgraduate
Cycle 1 to 3 years leading to a Master : Master of Arts (MA), Master of Science (MS) or other degrees such as Master of Education (MEd) or Master of Fine Arts (MFA).
Postgraduate in “national universities 8 ”
Cycle of 3 years or more leading to a Ph.D.: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Doctor of Arts , Doctor of Theology , Doctor of Medicine or Juris Doctor [law degree]); a doctorate may also be obtained after at least 2 years study following a master .
A decentralized system
The American educational system is highly decentralized which means that it is primarily the federal states and not the federal government . Decisions about curricula, textbooks, distribution and the amount of expenditure on education is primarily the responsibility of each State, which has resulted in wide disparities, but also flexibility 9 . The Federated States are jealous of their prerogatives in education, which can cause conflicts with the federal government and a hindrance to reform.
There is a department of education (in English: U.S. Department of Education 10 ) responsible for organizing the general school system. Each state also has an education department, assisted by a State Board of Education ( Board of Education ). States support 45% of expenditure on public institutions 11 . They make up the school board ( School Districts ). At the local level, boards of education ( School boards ) are responsible for curriculum, budget, educational and administrative staff. There are about 2,000 charter schools ( charter schools ) in the U.S. 12 , outside the control of local authorities.
Decentralization of the American educational system causes inequality of funding: each year, the U.S. spends 7% of total GDP in education. The revenue from local taxes and an overall federal budget (aid to disadvantaged students, education and health care) 13 . Federal aid are proportional to poverty States. For example, the Mississippi receives more money than New Hampshire . The major differences are between dynamic states and those who have more difficulty. Moreover, inequalities are also important between the municipalities of the same state or even between neighborhoods.
Affirmative
University of California, Berkeley campus entrance
Main article: Affirmative action in the United States .
Since the 1970s, measures of positive discrimination have been implemented to facilitate the entry of ethnic minorities in universities and promote social mix.
Nevertheless, affirmative action has been questioned in the late 1970s. In 1978, the Supreme Court condemned the quotas of the Faculty of Medicine, University of California by stopping Blake 14 . In 1996 a popular initiative referendum ends the affirmative action in public universities in California (Proposition 209) 15 , then Florida (2000), in Washington State , at Michigan and Nebraska 14 . Between mid 1990 and 2003, affirmative action was abolished in the universities of Texas , the Mississippi and Louisiana 14 . On 28 June 2007 , the Supreme Court banned affirmative action at the entrance of American public schools, and five votes against four 16 . The decision of the Court states that “Research by the schools of a worthy goal does not mean they are free to discriminate on the basis of race to achieve it. ” Now the ethnic criterion is a positive element among others in the input file review in American universities 14 .
Daniel Sabbagh , a specialist in the affirmative action and research director at CERI , said that the U.S. affirmative action policies are effective in the short term and allow students from ethnic minorities to be more numerous in universities 14 . With the growth of minority groups, ethnic or racial differences disappear [ref. required] . Therefore, many experts [ref. needed] believe that inequalities will narrow and that affirmative action programs will become redundant 17 .
Primary and secondary education
Curriculum
Programs are not the same from state to state. Is available (in English) programs for primary school in California 18 that emphasize environmental education and physical education (200 minutes at least every 10 school days; 400 minutes in the secondary ). The “Curriculum” begins with learning objectives expressed in terms of expected behaviors of which refer assessments of school performance exhibited. The content, tools, activities and ways of learning are organized in different ways, to achieve these learning objectives. This goes to the extreme variation of individualized learning “a la carte” for each student with the help of “Media Center” technology education “(educational technology), which designs and produces complete training sets in different types and training sectors. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology
The curriculum also includes an integration of ethnic minorities (especially since the American Ethnic Heritage Act of 1972 ) and initiation to citizenship . In California , the Native American Day (4 th Monday of September) is an opportunity to pay tribute to Native Americans of the state, teachers are invited to speak about the Indian culture in schools. Since 2004 , Indian history courses are compulsory in elementary schools in Maine 19 .
The teaching focuses on learning new technologies , sometimes on the Protection of Nature: Education Code of California insists that students are aware of environmental issues at all levels of their education 20 .
Teachers
Teachers are not sufficiently numerous and are rather poorly considered [ref. required] . Law Affirmative Action for Ronald Reagan imposed a quota of teachers from ethnic minorities.
Religion in Schools
“The public school system is secular ” 21 , in the sense that teachers should not make proselytism . Since 1962 (Case Engel vs. Vitale ), prayer is forbidden at school 22 . The Constitution of the United States of America , and particularly the Establishment Clause of the first amendment , provides that there is no official religion in the United States.
On debates about the teaching of scientific theory of evolution of species, see the article creationism .
Different schools
Most American students are enrolled in public schools 23 . These schools require no financial contribution to the families. Children with disabilities are integrated into regular classes. Private schools are in most cases run by religious organizations. A minority of children are educated outside of school ( Home Schooling ) by their parents or through virtual schools, online. Finally, there are more and more same sex schools (girls’ schools – schools for boys) since the Bush administration reversed the law on mixed [ref. required] .
Performance and educational policies
School bus in Louisiana.
Related article: School discipline in the United States .
Reforms
In the early 1980s , the primary and secondary education had serious flaws: the student level was pretty bad and was part of everyday violence. Inequalities linked to social status and ethnicity were very marked. We frequently accused the faculty for these poor results. This report is the Nation at Risk ( 1983 ) which raises awareness of the failures of American education. Reforms have been undertaken to overcome these difficulties, local, and federal level:
Foundation Centers for Children
establishing a level of knowledge and expertise with minimum annual reviews
Reducing the size of institutions 24
privatization of public schools
organize summit of education in the 1990s, bringing together state governors
E-Rate program for the development of computers and ICT .
George W. Bush signed the law “No Child Left Behind”, January 8, 2002, Hamilton, Ohio.
The Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994 made ” zero tolerance “policy and federal mandatory 25 . Following this law, many schools are following the trend, pronouncing automatic exclusions for possession of narcotics or a variety of behaviors not acceptable 25 . After the Columbine massacre of 1999 (13 dead and 24 wounded), the security issue back on the front of the stage 25 . This policy is gradually beginning to be challenged, in 2011 , because of the many school exclusions imposed for reasons sometimes trivial or unimportant (a hockey player expelled for wearing a Swiss-knife to repair his stick; a student excluded 6 years for spitting balls of plastic on his comrades, etc..) 25 .
In 2002 , the Bush administration passed the law “No Child Left Behind-nots” ( No Child Left Behind ) that focuses on the acquisition of competence in math and reading 26 . This is to increase the margin of federal intervention. The law proposes to test the level of facilities and allow more freedom for parents to choose schools for their children. A school that receives low scores may have financial aid to apply ” additional educational services “, ie tutoring 27 . The results of this policy are discussed: some argue that discrimination has declined and the reading level has improved 28 . Others do not notice any positive change.
Statistics
In 1960, 46 million Americans were enrolled and in 2000 they were 68 million. In 1967, half of adults had high school education, the figure rose to 61% in 2000.
Enrolment of the U.S. Department of Education, Fall 2008 29 :
49.8 million students in public elementary and secondary schools;
6.2 million pupils in primary and secondary private schools;
3.3 million teachers in public schools, approximately 500 000 in private schools;
14,200 public school districts for a total of 97,000 public schools;
35 000 private schools;
About 18.3 million students in college or university;
In colleges, 12.7% of black students, 10.8% of Hispanic students.
According to the annual report of the OECD 30 , the country is:
the 9 th rank of OECD countries for access to higher education.
the 9 th rank of OECD countries for the rate of population between 25 and 34 having reached secondary education.
the 13 th largest OECD countries for the rate of graduation from higher education in three to six years.
the 16 th largest OECD countries for the rate of graduation from secondary school age population in the typical get 73% of a generation gets the equivalent of the tray.
According to a report of the Educational Policy Institute (EPI), the country spends 17.2% of GDP per capita for higher education.
Higher Education
Main articles: List of American universities and American universities .
Sterling Memorial Library, Yale
School bus on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley , California
Student fraternity on the campus of Berkeley, California
If secondary school suffers from many deficiencies, higher education is one of the best in the world (to qualify, however, most significant advances comers of foreign students already trained in the top in their countries of origin). It forms effective frameworks and established many links with the business. American universities have considerable financial resources: for example, Harvard is the capital of 34.9 billion [ref. required] . In a federal country like the United States, the university system is decentralized and higher education institutions enjoy considerable autonomy that allows them great flexibility.
Registration fees in a tiny American public university in 2008-2009 amounted on average to 6585 dollars per year at a private university average was $ 25 143 dollars 31 . The total cost for one academic year in the United States is therefore, according to the chosen university and the cost of living in his community, at a mimimum of about $ 20,000 in total, up to $ 45 000 or more. Few families can fully fund the education of their children: we therefore use of scholarships, loans and student employment. Approximately 500,000 foreign students attending American universities and a number remain in the U.S. after graduation. The economy benefits from brain drain , especially ressortisants of developing countries. By cons, Merit scholarships for high performance are numerous and comfortable to graduate personnel.
Campus of James Madison University , Harrisonburg, Virginia
In 1998, 35% of Americans had a graduate degree against 11% in 1970. The federal government and universities spend $ 260 billion for higher education in 2000, representing 2.6% of GDP. Finally, American universities welcome 565,000 foreign students in 2006 32 , 60% Asian. In addition, some people returning to university after the age of 30. Ethnic minorities increasing: they accounted for 16% of U.S. students in 1976 and 35% in 1995 33 .
Universities: each State of the Union has in principle several private universities and several public university systems: a more prestigious called “University” (eg “University of Arizona”) headquartered often very selective system parallel and less prestigious, “State University” (eg Arizona State University) and a system of “community colleges” that offer courses of university first / second year courses as well as professional, technical and further education. The exceptions are a few states like New York and Pennsylvania (including the “universities” universities are private and so-called “state” are a single system) and Ohio (where the system “state” is the most selective). U.S. territories overseas such as Guam , the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico have also, their public universities. Institutions of Puerto Rico operate mostly in Spanish (with some programs also available in English). In all fifty states, Guam and the Virgin Islands, the language of instruction is English.
Organization: the board has a right to review programs, the subjects taught and the budget. The federal government allocates funds for research and development.
Numbers: the larger universities have more than 50,000 students.
Colleges: These are institutions providing undergraduate education.
State University, private universities: these are funded by governments, businesses, foundations and donations. Some rely on religious institutions, other related associations.
There are fees for entry into university. These vary depending on the state (public universities) or the prestige of the institution (for private universities).
Teachers: salaries are not the same from one university to another. They are recruited and thanked by the Board of Education of the State.
Graceland
Graceland was the home of Elvis Presley, but also much of his family.
Elvis Presley bought Graceland in 1957 after moving from her home in Memphis, located at 1034 Audubon Drive , due to problems of security and privacy. He was offered this property from revenues generated by its first gold record, Heartbreak Hotel , for $ 102,500 dollars a . He lived with his father Vernon Presley and his mother Gladys. After the death of Gladys in 1958, Vernon married Dee Stanley in 1960 and the couple lived at Graceland for a time.
Priscilla Beaulieu , future wife of Elvis, also lived there for 5 years before his marriage. After their marriage in Las Vegas on 1 st May 1967 , Priscilla lived in Graceland five more years until his separation from Elvis to the end of 1972 .
On 16 August 1977 , Elvis died in his bathroom at Graceland after a heart attack. After being buried in Forrest Hill Cemetery, and after an attempted theft of his tombstone, the mortal remains of Elvis Presley is quickly moved to Graceland. Since then, Graceland has become a place of pilgrimage for Elvis fans worldwide.
The museum
After Elvis’s death in 1977 , Priscilla Presley became manager of Graceland. At the time, Graceland cost about 500,000 dollars a year in maintenance costs, and expenses have rapidly reduced by $ 5 million inheritance of the daughter of Elvis, Lisa Marie . Priscilla has observed how other residences operated or famous museums and urged businessmen to make Graceland a place to earn money. She became the founder and president of the Elvis Presley Enterprise : after the museum opened to the public in 1982, the company made a loss but ultimately the benefits were soon present (more than $ 100 million).
An annual procession to the grave of Elvis takes place every year on August 16 , the anniversary of his death. The largest gathering was held for the 25 th anniversary in 2002 . According to estimates, nearly 40,000 people were present that day.
Graceland Museum exhibits many objects related to Elvis Presley, his costume scenes, his rewards, his gold records, his cars, collections, etc..
The grave of Elvis
The grave of Elvis Presley
Elvis’s grave is located outside of Graceland, near the pool. It lies between that of his father and his grandmother (and not with his mother when he had demanded).
Here is what we read in English on the tomb:
†
ELVIS
AARON
PRESLEY
JANUARY 8, 1935
AUGUST 16, 1977
Son Of
VERNON ELVIS PRESLEY
And
GLADYS LOVE PRESLEY
Father Of
LISA MARIE PRESLEY
He Was A Precious Gift From God
We Dearly Loved And Cherished.
He Had A God-Given Talent That He Shared
With The World, And Without A Doubt.
He Became Most Widely Acclaimed:
Capturing The Heart Of Young And Old Alike.
Admired He Was Not Only As An Entertainer,
Goal As The Great Humanitarian That He Was:
For His Generosity, And His Kind Feelings
For His Fellow Man.
He Revolutionized The Field Of Music And
Its Highest Awards Received
He Became A Living Legend In His Own Time,
Earning The Respect And Love Of Millions.
God Saw That He Needed Some Rest And
Called Him Home To Be With Him.
We Miss You, And Son Daddy, I Thank God
That He Gave Us You Have Our Son.
French translation:
†
ELVIS
AARON
PRESLEY
January 8, 1935
August 16, 1977
Son of
Vernon Elvis Presley
and
Gladys Love Presley
Father of
LISA MARIE PRESLEY
It was a precious gift from God
that we have cherished and loved dearly.
He had a divine talent he shared
with the world, and without a doubt.
It has been widely acclaimed:
capturing the heart of his fellow young and old.
It was not only admired as an artist,
but also for the great humanitarian he was,
for his generosity and his good feelings
toward one another.
He revolutionized the field of music and
received his greatest rewards
He became a living legend in his time,
earning the respect and love of millions of people.
God saw he needed peace and
called him at home to be with him.
We miss you, son and father, I thank God
for giving you to us as our son.
Tourist destination
At the beginning of August 2005 , Lisa Marie Presley has sold nearly 85% of its shares in the financial management of Graceland to CKX, an entertainment company (including that produced the TV show American Idol ).
In February 2006, the founder of CKX, Bob Sillerman, announced a goal to Graceland an international tourist destination like the Walt Disney theme parks , greatly increasing the surface and the capacity of Graceland and doubling the figure of 600,000 annual visitors 1 . Sillerman, who is in negotiations with investors, said he will ask local authorities to help improve certain public spaces around Graceland. He wants an extension of the visitor center and a larger exhibition space for thousands of items related to Elvis Presley who have never been shown publicly. The construction of a new hotel nearby is also envisaged.
Prime Minister of Japan Junichiro Koizumi , hosted by U.S. President George W. Bush to Graceland on 30 June 2006
On 30 June 2006 , U.S. President George W. Bush welcomed Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi for a tour of the residence. Junichiro Koizumi said he was a great admirer of Elvis Presley. They also share the same birthday (on January 8 ).
Currently, the number of visitors varies from 600 000 to 700 000 per year. Since opening Graceland has hosted some 15 million people 1 .
Information
While tourists are allowed to visit Graceland, no flash photography and no video camera is allowed inside. The Graceland tour is accompanied by audio explanations, and the first floor is not open to visitors (that is on this floor is the room that Elvis, who has never been touched since the day it death).
The tour begins with the living rooms, including kitchen, then continues on the ground floor to a room where three TV stations broadcast video of Elvis Presley. Bar and billiard room are also present. Outside is the grave of Elvis.
In a separate room in the house, visitors can see the car collection of Elvis (Cousin Andrew) and his two private planes named Lisa Marie (a Convair 880 ) and Hound Dog II (a Lockheed JetStar ).
The part of Graceland is the most significant trophies, showcasing the immense collection of gold records and platinum Elvis, other awards, photographs, costumes and scenes much more.
Graceland is the second residence “private” most visited in the United States after the White House .
Nashville
For items uses, see Nashville (disambiguation) .
Nashville
View map administrative
Nashville is the capital of the State of Tennessee , the United States . It is located in the northern part of central government, in Davidson County .
Nashville was a key city for the Confederate States of America during the Civil War . Today Nashville is a major center of the recording industry in the United States and music country (with its auditorium of the Grand Ole Opry). The city is in 2010 the first community in Tennessee, with 1,589,935 inhabitants in its urban area. The town of Nashville has 601,222 inhabitants.
Nashville has several universities including the University of Tennessee (Public), Belmont University, Lipscomb University and the prestigious Vanderbilt University (private).
Its inhabitants are Nashvilliens .
Summary [ hide ]
Nashville was founded in 1779 by Colonel John Donelson , under the name Fort Nashborough, in homage to the heroes of the Revolutionary War General Francis Nash ( 1742 – 1777 ), killed at the Battle of Germantown .
It officially became the city of Nashville in 1806.
In 1829, it has only 400 houses and 4000 people, but runs a state of 440,000 inhabitants and hosts three daily 1 . In 1835, she already has about 6,000 inhabitants and saw the cotton trade 2 .
Demographics
This section is empty, insufficiently detailed or incomplete. Your help is welcome!
Economy
Bell South Building, Nashville
Since the year 1960 , Nashville became the second musical production center after New York to the United States . In 2006 , an estimated total economic impact of 6.4 billion of dollars every year and that the music industry employs about 19,000 people in the region.
But this is the area of health care is most important, before the tourists and the music. Nashville is home to over 250 companies, including the Hospital Corporation of America , the largest private operator of hospitals worldwide. The industry is estimated by 2006 to provide 18.3 billion per year and provide 94,000 jobs in the region.
Other major industries are insurance, finance and publishing (especially religious). A film, a small but growing, there are also: several major motion pictures have been filmed in Nashville, including The Green Mile , The Last Castle , Gummo , Coal Miner’s Daughter and the film of Robert Altman’s Nashville , whose action takes place in the city.
Three companies of the Fortune 500 are headquartered in Nashville: Hospital Corporation of America , Caremark Rx and Dollar General Corporation (in Goodlettsville).
Transportation
Nashville has an airport ( Nashville International Airport , IATA code : BNA ).
Sport
The arena of the Nashville Predators : Bridgestone Arena .
The hockey players of the Nashville Predators are moving in the National Hockey League since 1998 , while American football is represented in Nashville by a franchise of the NFL since 1997 : the Tennessee Titans .
At university level, the Vanderbilt Commodores are the Vanderbilt University while Tennessee State Tigers defend the colors of the University of Tennessee .
A bowl of end of season football is held every year since 1998 at LP Field : the Music City Bowl .
Parthenon
Music
Nashville is considered the birthplace of country music . Elvis Presley has recorded music in the studio. Johnny Cash was born in Kingsland, Arkansas , USA , and died on 12 September 2003 in Nashville, Tennessee ). Young Buck , a the famous group of rappers G-Unit , is also a native of Nashville. Bob Dylan has recorded several albums, accompanied by local musicians, including legendary Blonde on Blonde or Nashville Skyline . More recently groups such as Kings Of Leon (rock, in line with the Strokes ), the band Be Your Own Pet (rock shifted, “jungle”) or the group Paramore are from Nashville. Note also that the White Stripes have recorded Icky Thump in 2007 and Jack White , the singer opened a studio where he recorded with his various projects Raconteurs and recently The Dead Weather . The famous country singer Billy Ray Cyrus was born in Nashville and his daughter Miley Cyrus too. The famous country singer Taylor Swift has lived in Nashville as a teenager, and the singer Kesha. The rock band Hot Action Po has also debuted in Nashville. In this city, there is also the headquarters of Gibson. The singer and guitarist of The Black Keys , Dan Auerbach , has also built a studio in Nashville.